Education in its broadest sense is any act or experience that has a formative effect on the mind, character, or physical ability of an individual. It is the process by which society deliberately transmits its accumulated knowledge, skills, and values from one generation to another. The generation on the receiving end is called “student”. According to Martin Luther King Jnr., “education has two fold purposes; utility and culture”.
In time past, society had responded to its various needs by adopting several paradigms of education as was suited to solving their particular needs. As epochs unfolded, so did man redefine the core objectives of what to pass on to its students. First, there was education for economic prosperity. Then with the discovery of the beauty of democracy by the Greeks, education was modified to be a means by which it could be secured by sustaining shared values such as justice, equality, and freedom.
It has been a long march for humanity and finally, we are in the 21st century, with its own set of challenges and peculiarities. The millennium was ushered in by a dramatic technological revolution. We now live in an increasingly diverse, globalized, and complex media saturated society. This has made students global citizens and digital learners with unprecedented exposure to knowledge. This means that for the students to be efficient, they have to be media literate, hence new curricula has to be designed.
In the children’s story, “Alice in wonderland”, Alice reacts to everything with “it’s impossible!”. Many educators and policy makers respond just like her when challenged to adopt a new paradigm of education that is suited to the 21st century; and there is no better time to reinvent schools for the 21st century than now. But for such schools to ever see the light of the day, then cognizance must be taken of “21st century skills”. Such skills include; critical thinking and problem solving, agility and adaptability, effective oral and written communication, and ability to access and analyze information. This is because students must be thoroughly equipped if they would be able to address a rapidly changing world filled with both new problems and possibilities.
The 21st century students should be research driven, not textbook driven; and focus on what they can do, not memorize discrete facts. This will be feasible only when a project based curricula is designed for students. As all manner of thought patterns and teaching pervade our society, students must be able to seek and apply truth for themselves, for it is the mark of an educated mind to entertain a thought without accepting it.
The dogmas of the quiet past are inadequate to the stormy present. The occasion is piled high with difficulty and we must rise with the occasion.